Human And Plant Cells Essay, Research Paper
capable = Honors Biology
We Will Write a Custom Essay Specifically
For You For Only $13.90/page!
order now
rubric = PLant and Animal Cells
documents = Plant and Animal Cells
I. Introduction
All beings in life are composed of at least one or more
cells. Cells are the basic units of life. There are three chief
characteristics of a cell. First, all beings consist of one or more
cells. Second, cells are the smallest units of life and 3rd,
cells arise merely from preexisting cells. These three facts are
referred to as the cell theory.
All cells can be categorized into two basic cell types.
They are procaryotic and eucaryotic. To separate where cells
are placed in the two classs, what is inside the cell must
foremost be looked at. Every cell, either procaryotic or eucaryotic
all contain basic cell parts. They are: a plasma membrane,
cytol, DNA ( the familial stuff ) , and ribosomes.
Prokaryotic cells have a simple construction and they are normally
smaller than eucaryotic cells. Besides, most procaryotic cells
incorporate a cell wall. In add-on to holding the basic cell parts,
eucaryotic cells besides contain a membrane-bounded karyon and cell
cell organs. The membrane environing the karyon in eucaryotic
cells, separate the karyon from the cytol.
Most of the cells we used in the experiments held, were
multicellular or consisting of more than one cell. A assortment of
cells were used in finishing the experiments. We used brotherhood
cells, cheek cells, murphy cells, and Elodeo cells. We besides used
Planaria which is a unicellular being. Many discolorations and dyes
were used in the experiments. They were H2O, methylene blue,
salts, and I.
In our surveies of cells, we conducted three experiments to
prove the different characteristics of cells. The first two experiments
were on how membranes were selectively permeable, diffusion, and
osmosis. To prove this, we set up two experiments. The first
experiment we set up had three cups. In each cup a murphy piece
and a different liquid was put in. In the first cup was filled
with distilled H2O. The 2nd cup was filled with salt H2O
and the tierce was left empty. We left these cups sit for twenty-
four hours and so we observed them.
The 2nd experiment we set up involved dialysis tubing
which was moving like a membrane. In the dialysis tubing we put
a liquid that was made of starches and sugars. We so put the
dialysis tubing into a beaker of H2O which had a few beads of
I. We left this over clip and observed it.
Our 3rd experiment dealt with the different parts of a
cell. To finish this we had to do wet-mount slides and
detect them under a light microscope. To fix a wet-mount
slide you must first obtain your specimen you are traveling to look
at. You so put the specimen on a clean glass slide in the
center. Following, you take a medical specialty dropper and topographic point one bead of
H2O on the specimen. After that, you hold a clean coverslip
and topographic point the underside border of the coverslip in the bead of H2O.
Following, easy lower the remainder of the coverslip so that there are no
air bubbles, onto the staying portion of the specimen. By seting
specimens into wet-mount slides it saves a batch of clip and energy
alternatively of seting them into set slides. Besides, a wet-mount slide
can be cleaned and re-used.
We put onion cells, cheek cells, and Elodeo cells into wet-
saddle horse slides. After we made slides for each one we observe them
under the microscope. For some of the cells, we had to use a
dye to hold do the cell more seeable under the microscope.
Methylene blue was applied to the cheek cells and I to the
onion cells. To see the cheek cells, we had to cut down the sum
of light coming into the microscope. We had to make this because
when we reduced the sum of visible radiation, we could see the cells more
clear. Elodeo cells were observed as a wet-mount slide and besides
with salt H2O. To use a dice to a antecedently made wet-mount
slide, an border of the coverslip must be lifted merely plenty to acquire
the dropper under the apply the dye. At first, some of the
cuticular cells of the onion were folded. This indicates that
the cells were thick and there was more than one bed of cells.
II. Discussion
In the experiment affecting the three cups and the murphy
pieces, we observed the different sum
s of turgor force per unit area. In
the cup with the distilled H2O, the turgor force per unit area increased.
Turgor force per unit area is the internal force per unit area that consequences from being
filled with H2O. The murphy piece in the first cup was really
rigid from holding H2O move into the murphy cells from the
concentration gradient. The H2O moved into the cells by the
procedure of diffusion. In the 2nd cup, with the salt H2O,
the turgor force per unit area decreased. The salt H2O environment was
hypotonic and sucked up the H2O from the murphy cells. This
made the slice really pliable and spongy. In the 3rd cup, with
the murphy piece merely in air, the turgor force per unit area stayed the
same. The murphy did free some H2O due to evaporation though.
Siting out in the air made the murphy slice start to decompose and it
was turning brown.
In the 2nd experiment affecting the dialysis tube, we
observed the cell membrane and diffusion. Before even get downing
the experiment, we had to run a two diagnostic trials. The first,
dealt with how to observe if amylum was in a solution. To make
this, we poured some of our liquid incorporating amylum and sugar,
into a trial tubing. After making this, we added I. When the
I was poured into the trial tubing, the liquid turned bluish
because the I reacted with the amylum. From this, we
concluded that if amylum was in a liquid and I was poured
into it, the liquid would turn bluish.
In the 2nd trial, we used tes-tape to observe if any
glucose was in the liquid. Like the first trial, we poured some
of the liquid into a trial tubing and set a piece of tes-tape into
the liquid. As we pulled the tes-tape out of the liquid, it was
colored green, bespeaking that there was glucose in the liquid.
We concluded that if the tes-tape turned out to be green, so
there must be glucose in the liquid.
After finishing the diagnostic trials, we observed the
dialysis bag after it had been sitting in the H2O for seven
hours. When detecting it, we noticed that the dialysis bag had
filled up more. We massed the bag and found that it & # 8217 ; s mass was
17.6 gms. It & # 8217 ; s original mass was 13 gms. We made a
hypothesis that H2O was spreading into the dialysis bag by
osmosis. To observe if glucose or amylum had diffused out of the
dialysis bag we added a few beads of I and set in the tes-
tape to the liquid in the beaker. We found out that the I
diffused into the dialysis bag and turned bluish and the tes-tape
turned green in the beaker. We concluded that the glucose and
H2O had reached equilibrium and the amylum and I didn & # 8217 ; T.
In the last experiment, after we made wet-mount slides for
each specimen, we observed them under the light microscope. In
the onion and Elodeo cells, we observed that there was a karyon
and chloroplast that were in changeless gesture and towards the
outer portion of the cell. They were traveling around the cardinal
vacuole in the cell that pushes everything towards the exterior
portion of the cell. In the Elodeo cells that were in salt H2O,
we observed that the cells were a little spot smaller than the
Elodeo cells merely in H2O. This occurred because the salt H2O
was a hypotonic solution and sucked up some of the H2O in the
cells.
When we observed the cheek cells we found they were really
different from the works cells. The karyon was in the center of
the cheek cells and there were a few cell cell organs. The
Planaria cell was all ruddy and had lines running down it. In this
cell though, the karyon was non present.
The works cells and carnal cells were really different. In
the works cells there was gesture of cell parts but in the animate being
cells there was no gesture. Besides, the karyon and chloroplast of
the works cell were towards the exterior of the cell because the
chloroplast can have sunlight better on the exterior of the
cell than on the interior. In the carnal cells though, the karyon
and cell cell organs, were towards the center of the cell.
III. Decisions
All beings in life are made of at least one or more
cells. Cells are the basic units to life. Without cells life
can non be. In our experiments we went to look how cells
map and what are their characteristics. In happening this
information, I know have a better apprehension of how cells
map and their specific characteristics.
Related essay samples:
- Diffusion and Osmosis Through Dialysis tubing Essay
- Biology Coursework: Effect of Sugar Solution on Potato Chips Essay
- Examining Blood Cells
- Red Onion Cell Lab Essay
- Cell Theory: Biology
- The Endomembrane System Essay
- Does Salt-Water or Sugar-Water Have an Effect on the Growth of Radishes?
- Chem Answers Essay
- Free Response Essay: Cell Size Ap Biology Essay
- Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability
- The Effect of Salt Concentration on Osmosis in Potato
- Regulation of Muscle Hypertrophy Essay
- Cell division in animals: mitosis, cytokinesis, and the cell cycle Essay Sample
- Cell Analogy – Mall Essay
- Critical Analysis of DNA Replication in Bacteria Essay